Medusa: The Queen of Stone

The Victim Turned Monster

Medusa is the most tragic figure in the Greek bestiary. Originally a beautiful mortal priestess of Athena, she was assaulted by Poseidon in the goddess's temple. Athena, enraged by the desecration, punished the victim. She transformed Medusa into a Gorgon. Her hair became a nest of venomous vipers. Her hands turned to bronze claws. And her face became so terrifying that any living thing that looked upon her was instantly turned to stone.

The Garden of Statues

Medusa fled to the island of Sarpedon (or Cisthene). She lived in isolation, surrounded by the "statues" of men and animals who had accidentally stumbled upon her lair. She is unique among monsters because she does not need to attack. Her defense mechanism is passive and absolute. To see her is to die.

The Slayer

The hero Perseus was sent to collect her head. Understanding the rules of engagement, he utilized divine tools:

• The Shield: A polished bronze shield from Athena, used as a mirror to view Medusa's reflection without making direct eye contact.
• The Sickle: An adamantine sword from Hermes. He crept into her cave while she slept and severed her head. From the blood of her neck sprang Pegasus (the winged horse) and Chrysaor (the golden giant), her unborn children by Poseidon.

The Weapon

Even in death, Medusa is dangerous. Her severed head retained its petrifying gaze. Perseus used it as a biological weapon to turn the sea monster Cetus to stone. Eventually, he gave the head to Athena, who mounted it on her shield (the Aegis). The image of the Gorgon head (Gorgoneion) became a universal symbol of protection against evil.

The Final Warning

The woods are full of statues that are far too detailed for any human sculptor. If you find a figure of stone with a face twisted in terror, do not lean in to admire the craftsmanship. The artist is still watching her gallery. If you hear the hiss of snakes, drop your gaze to the dirt, and close your eyes.